USSR 1991

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France stated that if Germany continues like this, not only will it not support the legitimacy of Croatia's regime, but it is very likely to turn to support Serbia. This is undoubtedly a slap in the face of Germany.The cooperative alliance has just been established, but it is facing a situation that may break down at any time because of the mutual suspicion between the two countries.

"Unless Germany is willing to share at least half of the cost equally, France will be willing to cooperate with Germany. As for the rest, everything is out of the question. France will not stick money to help a country, and Germany should not expect France to be unilaterally selfless Aid Croatia."

The resolute attitude shown by Chirac made Cole feel very headache. It was like fooling France to increase its political investment in Croatia, but who knew that in the end it was put together by the French.And I have promised Ji Tuman to aid a batch of heavy weapons and military supplies, and all the previous investments of Germany have been in vain.

But the discord between France and Germany has aroused President Milosevic's uneasiness, especially Germany's recent military aid to Croatia made him feel a little apprehensive. With 24 MiG-21 fighter jets, 15 Mi-24 armed helicopters, and the remaining T72M tanks that were packaged and presented as gifts, it is clear that the military strength between Croatia and Serbia is no longer on the same level.

Croatia, whose military strength has increased, has begun to show a tough style. In addition to frequent exercises in border areas, the deployment of Croatian troops has also entered the border areas between the two countries.The Balkan Peninsula, the powder keg of Europe, began to smell of sulfur again.

At this time, Milosevic finally became uneasy. He regretted that he had rejected the Soviet Union's asylum earlier. Croatia, which is now advancing by leaps and bounds, almost had the military power to catch up with Serbia overnight, and the opponent's weapon was still German packing belt. Regarding the remaining supplies, in terms of air force, the domestically-made J22 light attack aircraft may not be the opponent of Croatia's newly equipped fighter jets. Although there is a certain amount of suppression, this does not mean that Serbia and Croatia can distance themselves in the airspace.

Not long after the Soviet Prime Minister's visit to the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, Milosevic secretly visited Moscow. He hoped to obtain military assistance from the Soviet Union to reorganize Serbia's sluggish military power.Of course, Milosevic believed that he wanted the Soviet Union to help him. The first thing he couldn't get around was the project about deploying ballistic missiles.

The Soviet Union did everything possible to tie Serbia to its Iron Curtain forces, and Milosevic also knew that he had no way to continue to maintain a cautious and peaceful way of living with the red behemoth at this time.Either become an ally of the Soviet Union, or perish under the suppression of NATO. The diplomatic principle of peace and independence is a dream in the Balkan Peninsula. Every small country must stand in line and choose to form an alliance with one of the European countries, otherwise it will be the end of Yugoslavia .

"Germany recently assisted Croatia with a batch of heavy weapons. Now Croatia's air force and army have begun to compete with Serbia. I hope to receive military assistance from the Soviet Union to deal with the threat from Croatia. And recently the Croatian army has frequently It is not a good thing for any country to conduct exercises in border areas."

Milosevic's intentional failure to respond to Croatia's provocation was to show in front of Yanayev that the Serbian army was inferior to Croatia's, adding sympathy points to his efforts for military aid.

But how could Yanayev fail to see through Milosevic's tricks? He nodded deliberately and agreed with him, "Yes, after our internal discussions, we have always believed that it is necessary to provide military support to Serbia. , but we also have the same condition, that is, the Soviet Union must establish a ballistic missile base in Serbia, and if the Serbian side is unwilling to agree to this request, everything will be discussed.”

Unlike the benevolent Pavlov, Yanayev was very determined. He would not allow Milosevic to continue to pursue the practice of wanting to get bread without paying a price. Unexpectedly, this time Milosevic Very generously agreed to Yanayev's request.

Milosevic replied calmly, "There is no problem. The Soviet army can establish ballistic missile bases and garrison troops on Serbian soil. As long as you do not violate Serbia's constitution and laws, we allow this behavior. And the Soviet Union in Serbia Actions on the land must be reported to the Serbian government, we cannot let you mess around in Yugoslavia."

Tito tried his best to get rid of the control of the Soviet Union, but he did not expect that Serbia would voluntarily and consciously accept the control of the Soviet Union decades later.

Seeing that Milosevic was completely different from before, Yanayev knew that the relationship between Serbia and Croatia had been intentionally used by Western countries, and he nodded with great satisfaction, "Very well, then I think we will We can also talk about the issue of military aid. Croatia, supported by Germany before, accepted some of the heavy weapons of the former East German People's Armed Forces, including MiG-21 fighter jets, T72M tanks and Mi-24 helicopters. Since this is the case, we will do the same We can provide Serbian MiG-23 fighter jets, T72M tanks and Mi-8 and Mi-24 helicopters. Not only that, we are also willing to sell Shikelhe self-propelled anti-aircraft guns, needle-type anti-aircraft missiles, and AT4 anti-tank missiles. Not only let you Has the same weapons as Croatia, but also has a larger number of anti-tank and anti-aircraft weapons than them."

Heavy weapons are half sold and half given away, while defensive weapons are real arms deals. Milosevic was surprised by Yanayev’s generosity because the Soviet Union did not intend to cut off a large piece of Serbia’s meat on weapons. Instead, the replacement of additional ammunition and important parts slowly emptied Serbia's fiscal wallet.The current Soviet Union is not a big dog that swollen its face to make up a fat man and wanted to aid third countries free of charge. Under the leadership of Yanayev, it has given full play to the rogue temperament of the five permanent members of the United Nations, doing everything possible to obtain the maximum benefit from the other party. .

"As long as Serbia is willing to cooperate with the Soviet Union, our military aid will be more generous than Croatia's, I swear." Yanayev smiled at Milosevic who obediently slipped into the trap.

Chapter 384 The Discord Between France and Germany

Although France and Germany are in the same political circle, this does not mean that the feud between the two countries has ended.The two countries came together in the 70s and [-]s. First, the trend of economic globalization drove them from confrontation to cooperation. However, the threat from the Eastern European red camp made them realize that they must be united. Now that the external pressure in Eastern Europe has weakened , the hidden discord between France and Germany was naturally revealed.

Except for the United Kingdom, which is playing with offshore balancers, France and Germany both want to become the leader of Europe, so they are stumbling each other within the framework of the European Union. The deployment of strategic bombers this time is just an unsuccessful attempt between the two countries. Cooperation, especially when they heard that Serbia had agreed to the plan of the Soviet ballistic missile base, in order to seek their own security, the two countries sat together again to discuss the threat of Yanayev.

When Chirac met with Prime Minister Kerr, the expressions of the two people were obviously a little unnatural. A few days ago, they were still concerned about who paid more for the strategic bomber airport, and now they came together because of the cooperation between the Soviet Union and Serbia.Even at the negotiating table, the two are still thinking about how to get each other to pay a bigger share.

President Chirac said, "I think it is necessary to have a strategic bomber base in Croatia to deal with the threat from Serbia. Croatia is the first outpost and springboard of NATO in Eastern Europe, and Serbia is the last base of the Soviet Union in Eastern Europe. If the Soviet Union can Instigate a proxy war again before the deployment of its ballistic missiles, and I think the Soviet Union will lose its last base."

"Do you know how much it costs to provoke a war? Prime Minister Chirac, and the Croatian nation is generally full of anti-war sentiments. For them, after the goal of national independence is achieved, they do not want to continue the alliance with Yugoslavia The republics are in conflict, so it is impossible for Croatia to start a war."

Prime Minister Kerr refuted the absurdity of Chirac's point of view. In fact, not only Croatia does not want to conflict with Serbia, but even Germany does not want to be wasted in a war again. Yugoslavia has always supported the Croats and the Bosnian Serbs during the civil war. The independent Cole found that it was thankless in the end. Not only did he fail to meet his expectations, he also sent a lot of weapons and funds in vain. Apart from launching a few bombings, France was completely enjoying other events.

This made Cole extremely unbalanced. Why did Germany not get any benefits from spending money and efforts in Yugoslavia, while France was enjoying the benefits?Therefore, this time the strategic bomber deployment plan must allow the stingy Frenchmen to take out a sum of money from their pockets in order to make Cole feel more balanced.

"Then why should France pay the largest share, while Germany is just enjoying the benefits?" The smell of gunpowder on the negotiating table became more and more intense. Instead of retreating, Chirac became more aggressive. He had to take a tough attitude to coerce Germany. In order to make this negotiation fairer between the two countries.

"Germany's attitude is really disappointing. If there is no sincerity, we will simply give up this plan to deploy strategic bombers in Croatia. Of course, you Germans can do it alone. As long as you have strategic bombers, no? At worst, we will spend all day They are all living under the threat and shadow of communism."

Chirac finally talked about the key point that made Cole scruples, that is, Germany does not have strategic bombers, and to complete this plan, it must ask for help from France or the United Kingdom, so President Chirac dared to threaten Germany in such a way, because Germany is a country in this matter Can't finish.

"So either we split all the expenses equally, or we continue to consume like this, you decide, Prime Minister Kohl." Chirac continued to add the straw that broke the camel's camel on Kohl, because the new member of NATO country.

And Germany has already aided so many weapons to Croatia. If the aid is terminated at this time, all previous investments in Germany will be in vain. For Kerr, this is absolutely intolerable. Germans who are good at calculating How could this incident lead to the failure of the deployment in Eastern Europe? He also wanted to absorb Croatia into the NATO system and become a new member against the Soviet Union.

"Germany is willing to pay a quarter of the cost, while France will pay three quarters of the cost, otherwise we will not agree to this project cooperation." After pondering, Prime Minister Kerr gave Germany's offer.

"But our bottom line in France is one-half, and the two sides share equally, so you can figure it out. If Germany is not willing, then I don't think we need to continue talking. Excuse me, German Chancellor. "

Chirac got up and left the conference room. This was just a means for him to exert psychological pressure on his opponent. When Cole started to panic, Chirac's goal was achieved.Sure enough, when he was about to leave, Cole suddenly stood up and said to Chirac, "Germany's bottom line is one-third, and we are willing to pay one-third of the fee. If France does not even agree to this condition, Then there is no need for us to continue working together."

Chirac turned his head, looked at Cole's slightly flustered face, and finally showed a triumphant smile.Sure enough, France is the winner in life who persisted until the end.

"make a deal."

Chirac said, of course, in order to prevent Germany from continuing to hide behind its back, France has also introduced a series of rules and regulations. For example, if Germany wants to use strategic bombers and other fighter jets, it can only be carried out after obtaining the approval of the French authorities. Of course, Germany can deploy its own Fighter, but it can only be used after the consent of both parties.

Although a bit uncomfortable, the purpose of deploying strategic bombers in Croatia has been achieved. It is much better to be taken advantage of than not to score. Next, the Balkans will be in a state of strategic balance for a long time. NATO has strategic bombers , the Soviet Union has ballistic missiles capable of bombing any corner of Europe, and the political contest seems to be back to square one after going full circle.But everyone knows that this seemingly tie contest is the first step taken by the Soviet Union to conquer Eastern Europe.

Because the Soviet offensive did not stop there, if Serbia was only trying to keep the last red base, then Yanayev used Serbia as a fulcrum to radiate around and return to the sphere of influence in Eastern Europe.

Chapter 385 Glonass

France and Germany are still coordinating how to set up an air force base in Croatia, and the Soviet Union has properly resolved the task of retaining the last outpost in Eastern Europe.The Soviet Union's economy is indeed facing difficulties, but this does not mean that the Soviet Union will relax its struggle in the international strategic environment. If it is already besieged by all sides, why should it create a stable and harmonious external international environment for its own development.

Marshal Ogarkov, former director of the General Directorate of Strategic Deception, recently proposed to Yanayev the plan to continue to complete the GLONASS global satellite navigation system. The GLONASS project was launched by the Soviet Union in 1976. The Sri Lankan system will use 24 satellites to achieve global positioning services, which can provide high-precision three-dimensional space and speed information, as well as timing services.According to the design, the GLONASS constellation satellites are composed of 24 satellites in the middle orbit, including 21 working stars and 3 backup stars, which are distributed on 3 circular orbital planes. GLONASS is different from the GPS system. The GLONASS system uses frequency division multiple access, and each GLONASS satellite broadcasts two signals, L1 and L2 signals.

"From 1982 to 1985, we launched 3 simulated satellites and 18 prototype satellites in Baikonur for testing. Since our satellite and electronic design levels are far behind those of the United States, the design life of these test satellites is only One year. The official construction of the GLONASS system began in 1985. From 1985 to 1986, six real GLONASS satellites were launched into space. Compared with the prototype satellites, these satellites improved the timing and frequency standards and enhanced the stability of the frequency. Since then, 6 satellites have been continuously improved, but half of the satellites were lost due to launch accidents."

"By 1987, the GLONASS system had launched a total of 30 satellites including early prototype satellites, and 9 satellites were available in orbit. The prospects can be said to be bright. The satellites launched in 1988 are further improved versions. This version is now generally called the GLONASS satellite. Using three-axis stabilization technology and a precision cesium atomic clock, the design life is further increased to 3 years. Between 1988 and 2000, this version of the GLONASS satellite was launched 54 times. Many. These satellites were launched into orbit using proton rockets at the Baikonur Cosmodrome Center. Now it is time to further improve the plan for the GLONASS system, General Secretary Yanayev. "

Marshal Ogarkov's fifteen-page report explained the importance of the GLONASS satellite system, but in Yanayev's view, the fifteen-page report was condensed into a short sentence: they need money, And it still takes a lot of money.

It will cost at least 24 billion U.S. dollars to complete the network operation of 30 satellites. This is undoubtedly a big burden for the Soviet Union's finances. When he looked up at the former commander of Ogarkov, he had no doubt that this old man was from the United States. A spy sent to bring down the Soviet economy.

"General Secretary Yanayev, I hope you can see the important role that the GLONASS system has played in the future development of the Soviet army. Today, when electronic information technology is becoming more and more important, our Soviet army also needs its own strategic satellite system. , to respond to the American global positioning system.” Marshal Ogarkov said convincingly, “In the Gulf War, the American global positioning system played a role that cannot be underestimated, from calling for air support to providing combat The precise positioning of the Ax missile is basically the credit of the strategic satellite."

Marshal Ogarkov was a little anxious. At the beginning, Yanayev promised that he would support the information transformation of the army no matter what, so improving the global satellite positioning system was the top priority.

"I didn't reject your plan, Marshal Ogarkov. But I need time to think about it. Also, how much budget do you think this satellite networking plan needs?"

Marshal Ogarkov was silent for a while, and quoted his own price, "It may require at least 36 billion U.S. dollars, including upgrading and replacing some aging satellites. This is already the most conservative estimate. The problem of the short lifespan of GLONASS satellites needs to be solved. In this way, 36 billion is just barely enough."

With 36 billion U.S. dollars in funds, even Yanayev took a deep breath after hearing the quotation. If it was still the era when the Soviet Union’s economy was advancing by leaps and bounds, 36 billion U.S. dollars was indeed not a big deal, but now let the Soviet Union take it all at once. With so much money allocated to the Soviet aerospace sector, the budget is obviously not enough.No wonder the Star Wars program dragged down the Soviet economy.

"We will allocate funds for a new round of upgrade plans for Glonass. Marshal Ogarkov does not have to worry about this issue, but we now need a certain amount of time to prepare funds for this plan. And to complete this satellite The networking work and the replacement of old satellites are not actions that can be completed in a short period of time, can they?" Yanayev said, although somewhat reluctant, Yanayev is very clear about restarting the GLONASS project now It is too late to wait until the Soviet Union's economy really and completely improves to complete it.

If the total budget needs 36 billion US dollars, then Yanayev can also consider appropriating funds to the Soviet aerospace sector in batches.

"Yes." Marshal Ogarkov admitted, "The US$36 billion is indeed the budget of the master plan."

"Okay, I think we can always solve this problem, don't we? But even if the 36 billion is divided into two or three years to pay, it is still a huge burden." On the surface, Yanayev is thinking again With a new round of arms sales, arms revenue is always the most direct way to fill a country's finances.For example, there are still two Kiev-class aircraft carriers decommissioned by the Soviet Navy for sale, and Yanayev is thinking about who to look for to pay for his plan.

It is obviously impossible for India. The just refitting of the Gorshkov aircraft carrier has already made the Indian Navy's funds tight, and there is no empty spare money to buy a new type of aircraft carrier.Countries in the world that can afford aircraft carriers basically look down on the Kiev-class Soviet Union, and countries that cannot afford aircraft carriers will not be interested in Kiev-class aircraft carriers.

Obviously this is a big problem facing Yanayev, but in order to raise funds for the GLONASS plan and reduce the financial burden on the central government, Yanayev no longer intends to wait for someone to take the bait, but directly let the Soviet Union Black Sea Shipyard has posted the sale of the remaining Kiev-class aircraft carriers, and see who will take the bait.

Chapter 386 I'm a fool

Thinking that it is indeed difficult to make the remaining Kiev class shine, so Yanayev's first thought was India's Asan.As the Indian Navy who was bleeding heavily in the pit of the Gorshkov, after pulling the aircraft carrier back, it was discovered that the aircraft carrier was not as beautiful as the Soviet Union described it. I can only comfort myself that the Kiev class is by far the most suitable for the development of the Indian Navy. aircraft carrier.

India, which had no intention of continuing to buy more ships in recent years, was deeply stimulated by a recent incident. France sold three Agosta submarines to Pakistan, India's old enemy. Although India canceled the A series of follow-up contracts for the purchase of fighter jets from France were signed, but this incident also caused Indian generals to become nervous. The Indian Navy, which has always been ambitious to maintain its dominance in the Indian Ocean, is considering whether to further expand its naval power.

From India's point of view, among modern naval equipment, only aircraft carriers have the ocean-going and maritime deterrence capabilities they need. To squeeze foreign forces and maintain absolute maritime superiority over countries around the Indian Ocean, the Indian Navy must have more than two aircraft carriers. One to control the Bay of Bengal to the east, one to control the Arabian Sea to the west, and one more should be added as a maneuver if conditions permit.The Vikrant and Vikramaditya have realized their destiny to control the Indian Ocean, but because of Pakistan's newly purchased submarines, the top Indian Navy has the opportunity to ask the Ministry of Defense for money.